308 Garioch
Garioch
Garioch Origin and Earls
From the information below Garioch originated in the time of Malcolm II (reign 1005 - 1034) and David of Scotland was the first Earl in 1180.
1005 - 1034 Malcolm II
1153 - 1165 Malcolm IV
1165 - 1214 William the Lion - Garbh <-- The Rough
1214 - 1249 Alexander II
There were only two Earls of only Garioch. After the second Earl Garioch reverted to the crown until being assigned again as Earl of Mar and Garioch.
It is interesting to note, according to CleverGeek, Dunideer was the castle of the Garioch.
The parishes of the Garioch at the time of David Earl of Huntingdon appear to be from an earlier time Culslamond, Insch, Kinnethmont,Rathmuriel, Leslie Premnay. The parishes added by the time of David include Bourtie, Durnach/Logie-Durno/Chapel of Garioch, Fintray, Inverurie/Rothket, Monkegie (Keithhall? on modern maps?)
By 1654 on Blaeu's map https://maps.nls.uk/view/00000453 Fintray is not shown as part of Garviach / Garioch. It can be seen that the Garioch is most of the land drained by the Ury/Urie.
http://irvinemclean.com/peerage/mar.htm
Mar was a one of the original great mormaerdoms in the North-East of Scotland, comprising the area between the rivers Dee and Don as far inland as Badenoch, and, together with Buchan, comprised the original Pictish kingdom of Ce. There are fleeting references to early mormaers, with Muirchertach mentioned around the time of King Malcolm III and Gartnait around the time of Alexander I. There is also record of a mormaer Domnall being present at the Battle of Clontarf in Ireland in 1014. The numbering of the earls has always been difficult for historians to agree on. I take the view that the first earl would have been recognised as such c.1115, and that Alexander Stewart, husband Isabel, Countess of Mar, held his title only de uxoris and not independently of his wife.
7th Earl of Mar, Gartnait a 1297 d 1297-1302
Son of Domhnall and Helen, daughter of LLywelyn, Prince of North Wales, brother-in-law to King Robert I.He married Robert's sister Christina Bruce and was awarded with the neighbouring territorial lordship of Garioch.
This had formerly been part of the mormaerdom of Mar but had been carved out by Malcolm II as a royal preserve and elevated to a separate earldom by William the Lion, who bestowed it to his younger brother, David of Huntingdon, and it had recently reverted to the crown on the death of the 2nd holder.
http://irvinemclean.com/peerage/garioch.htm
The lands of Garioch formed a large portion of the territory of Mar and were created as a separate royal lordship, probably by Malcolm Canmore in the 11th century. It was raised to the level of an earldom by King William the Lion for his younger brother David of Huntingdon.
Earls of Garioch (c.1180)
1st Earl of Garioch, David of Scotland, b.1143-1152, a.c.1180, d.1219
Grandson of King David I of Scotland and Maud of Northumberland (b.c.1074, d.1130-1131), and son of Henry of Huntingdon (b.c.1114, d.1152) and Ada de Warenne (b.?, d.c.1178), daughter of William de Warenne, 2nd Earl of Surrey. David was younger brother to two Scottish kings, Malcolm IV and William I. He was awarded various earldoms at birth, including Carlisle, Doncaster, Huntingdon and Northumberland, and later also those of Lennox and Cambridge. He was briefly deprived of his English titles in 1215-1216, but had them restored in 1218. The principal claimants to the throne after the death of King Alexander III in 1286 descended from him via his daughters, Margaret, who married Alan of Galloway, and from whom John Balliol was descended, and Isabella, who married Robert de Brus, 4th Lord of Annandale, and from whom Robert Bruce was descended.
2nd Earl of Garioch, John of Scotland, b.c.1207, a.1219, d.1237
Son of the 1st Earl and Matilda of Chester (b.1171, d.1233), daughter of Hugh of Kevelioc, 3rd Earl of Chester. He became 10th Earl of Huntingdon, and was created 1st Earl of Chester in 1232. When he died, his titles reverted to the crown.
The Lordship of Garioch was granted to Gartnait, 7th Earl of Mar when he married Christina Bruce, sister of King Robert I, and this lordship remained with the earls of Mar until that title reverted to the crown. The earldom of Mar and lordship of Garioch were claimed by Thomas Erskine, a descendant of Gartnait’s daughter Ellen. This claim was rejected by succeeding kings until Mary Queen of Scots relented, awarding the title of Earl of Mar to his descendant John Erksine, 6th Lord Erskine. The title of Earl of Garioch, in the meantime, was used as an honorific, awarded to members of the Royal Family, usually a youngest son, several times over the centuries, and always in association with its companion title of Earl of Mar.
Earls of Garioch (1459)
1st Earl of Garioch, John Stewart, b.1456-1459, a.1458-1459, d.1479 . . .
https://clever-geek.imtqy.com/articles/145497/index.html
Garioh ( Gaelic. Gairbheach [1] - "rocky region"); the cattle The Geerie [2] ; English Garioch (pronounced gee-ree )) is a historic region in the northeast of Scotland , on the coast of the North Sea north of Aberdeen . Currently, this territory is part of the Aberdeenshire region.
Historical area
Garioch
Airbheach
A country Region Scotland Great Britain
History and geography
Content
Geography
The approximate boundaries of the historical area {see the link above for map}
The largest city of Garioche is Inverurie . The territory of Garyokh is a seaside hilly plain, rising in a westerly direction to quite significant mountain formations. The main river of the region is the Don .
History
The territory of Gariokh has historically been inhabited by North Pictish tribes. After the formation of the Scottish kingdom in the middle of the 9th century, Garioch probably belonged to one of the seven first Scottish counties - Marr and Buchan. However, by the middle of the XI century Garioch separated from the county of Marr and passed into the possession of the kings of Scotland directly.
King Wilhelm{William} the Lion handed Garioch in 1182 to his brother David, Count {Earl of } Huntingdon . The center of the region was the castle of Danidir, {Dunnideer}?standing on the Don River and its tributary Uri. After the death of David in 1219, his son and heir John Scottish, Earl Huntingdon in 1237, returned Garioch to the king’s possession [3] .
In the XIV century Garioch returned to the county of Marr. In 1411, the famous Battle of Harlow {Harlaw} took place in the region , marking the peak of the confrontation between the mountainous and lowland parts of the country. In 1565, the title of Lord Garioch inherited the genus Erskines .
- - -
Notes
1. Mac an Tàilleir, Iain. Scottish Gaelic place names FJ // Scottish Parliament. - 2003.
2. Andy Eagle. The Online Scots Dictionary (English) . Scots Online. The appeal date is October 3, 2018.
3.William Forbes Skene. Celtic Scotland / David Douglas. - 2nd edition. - Edinburgh, 1890. - T. III: Land and People. - p. 69. - (Classic Reprint Series). - ISBN 978-144005510-2 .
Literature
Davidson, John. Inverurie and the earldom of the Garioch . - Edinburgh: D. Douglas, 1878.
Links
The Lordship of Garioch: Baronage.co.uk (English)
Map of Aberdeenshire (with Garikh displayed on it), compiled by Hermann Moll in 1732. (inaccessible link) (eng.)
Note this is Russian but it is Clever-Geek's source
Source - https://ru.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Garioch&oldid=95412801
# # #
Inverurie
And
The Earldom of The Garioch
A Topographical And Historical Account Of
The Garioch
From The Earliest Times To The Revolution Settlement
With A
Genealogical Appendix
Of The Garioch Families Flourishing At The Period Of The
Revolution Settlement And Still Represented
By
The Rev John Davidson, D.D.,
Minister Of Inverurie
Edinburgh: David Douglas
Aberdeen: A. Brown & Co
1878
# # #
Page 21
Before 1199, Wiliam de Lamberton, a name distinctive of social rank, conferred upon the priory of St Andrews the church of Bourdin, with its tithes, common pasture. and pertinents, endowing it shortly after with twelve acres of land on the west side of the kirk, to which Radulf. Bishop of Aberdeen, afterwards added ”two ploughs of land, and the manse and its curtilage, in which Hugh the rector used to live”.
The names of some of the parish priests of the time have come down to us. A portion of monumental stone was discovered several years ago, in the churchyard of Insch, bearing the name Radulfi sacrdotis, in letters of the Irish character, which Mr Jervis thinks may have commemorated a chaplain of the Bishop of Aberdeen, so named, who lived 1172 – 1199. Adam was clericus de Helen (Ellon) at the same date.
In that period the bishops and the abbeys managed to acquire tofts, or sites for houses, in most towns of Scotland, as part of the possession of their establishments. William the Lion gave to Bishop of Murray, a toft in each of the towns of Banff, Inverculen, Elgin, Foreys, Eren (Nairn) and Invernys. The Abbey of Lindores had from him and his brother David, Earl of Huntingdon, a toft in each of the burghs of of Inverurie, Bervie, Stirling, Crail, Perth, Forfar, Montrose, Aberdeen, and Inverkeithing. In the beginning of the next century, Alexander II, his son gave to the monks of Kinloss similar gifts in the burghs of Nairn, Aberdeen, Banff, Berwick, Stirling and Perth, “that men of theirs might remain at thir tofts without service”.
A noteworthy indication of the success of the Royal policy, which had sought to leaven the Celtic population with other elements, is found in the charter by David of Huntingdon to Malcolm, son of Bartolf, of the lands of Leslie. The charter is addressed to all who may see it. “clerics and laics, French, English, Flemings and Scots”. The Normans and Saxons are easily accounted for; the Flemings, we know, had before the colonised the west of England, where their textile skill established an enduring fame for cloth manufacture. A settlement of Flemings had evidently also held possession in the Garioch, in Cruteryston or Courtestown, in Lesly parish; the lands of which, two centuries later, had still the right of Fleming Law acknowledged in their charters. The place chosen by the peaceful artisans, and where tokens of them still remain in the name of Flindres, belonging to one or two farms, was on some rich land near the watershed of the Gadie and Bogie. Their national acquaintance with dangers of neighbourhood to the Danish pirates would make the Flemings select an . . .
# # #
Earl of Mar and Garioch
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_peers_1500%E2%80%931509
Earl of Mar and Garioch (1486) John Stewart, Earl of Mar and Garioch 1485 1503 Died, title extinct
- - -
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earl_of_Mar
Earls of Mar, first creation (1404) (as decided by Act of Parliament in 1885)
Other title: Lord Garioch (1320)
Eardom of Mar
(1st creation) [3][4]
Coat of arms of the Earl of Mar.png
Creation date c. 1014
Monarch King Malcolm II
Peerage Peerage of Scotland
First holder Ruadrí, Earl of Mar
Present holder Margaret of Mar,
31st Countess of Mar
Heir presumptive Susan of Mar, Mistress of Mar
Remainder to heirs general of the body of the grantee
Subsidiary titles Lord Garioch (1320)
# # #
Lord Fleming (1451) John Fleming, 2nd Lord Fleming 1494 1524
- - -
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earl_of_Wigtown
Earls of Wigtown, First Creation (1341)
Malcolm Fleming, 1st Earl of Wigtown (d. c. 1363)
Thomas Fleming, 2nd Earl of Wigtown (d. x 1382), title surrendered 1372
Lords Fleming (1451)
Robert Fleming, 1st Lord Fleming or Malcolm Fleming, 1st Lord Fleming (d. 1494)
John Fleming, 2nd Lord Fleming (d.1524)
Malcolm Fleming, 3rd Lord Fleming (c.1494–1547)
James Fleming, 4th Lord Fleming (b.1538–1558)
John Fleming, 5th Lord Fleming (d. 1572)
John Fleming, 6th or 7th Lord Fleming (1567–1619) became Earl of Wigtown in 1606
# # #
The Lordship of Garioch - BARONAGE
www.baronage.co.uk › 2004b › Garioch.html
It was an area in which many battles were fought, in early times against the Norsemen, and famously in 1411 at Harlaw between Alexander, Earl of Mar, and Donald, Lord of the Isles. A fairly substantial portion of Mar, the Garioch, about 200 square miles in the east of the territory, became identified separately, probably in the reign of Malcolm ... {can't access web site for more details}
# # #
Earl of Huntingdon
https://www.englishmonarchs.co.uk/dunkeld_15.html
David, Earl of Huntingdon was the youngest surviving son of Henry of Scotland, Earl of Huntingdon and Ada de Warenne, a daughter of William de Warenne, 2nd Earl of Surrey, and Elizabeth of Vermandois. Henry of Scotland was the son of King David I of Scotland and his wife Maud Countess of Huntingdon, the daughter of Waltheof, the Anglo-Saxon Earl of Huntingdon and Northampton. He was the brother of Kings Malcolm IV (d.1165) and William I (d.1214) of Scotland.
Henry Earl of Huntingdon David's father died in 1152 and his eldest son became King of Scots as Malcolm IV in 1153. David was knighted by his second cousin, Henry II of England on 31 May 1170. Shortly after William the Lion was released from imprisonment in England in 1174, he created his brother Earl of Lennox and granted him the district of Garioch, in Aberdeen.
Sent as a hostage to the English court in July 1163, he returned to Scotland as heir apparent to William the Lion immediately after he succeeded his older brother Malcolm IV in 1165. The Earldom of Huntingdon, which had been confiscated in 1174, was restored to William the Lion in March 1185. With the approval of Henry II it was transferred to David. David carried one of the three swords at the Coronation of Richard the Lionheart on 3 September 1189. He later accompanied King Richard on the third crusade to the Holy Land. Along with his brother-in-law, Ranulph Earl of Chester, he besieged Nottingham Castle in 1194, when it was held by followers of Richard's rebellious brother John.
Although he was unquestionably loyal to Richard, David's relations with his successor King John were often strained and in August 1212 John began to suspect that David with conspiring, along with other barons, to kill him. David was forced to surrender his chief English residence, Fotheringhay Castle. . . .
# # #
Dunnideer Hillfort and Castle
Aberdeenshire Council Sign
On the Hill of Dunnideer, many phases of fortified settlement can be seen ranging in date from the Iron Age through to the Medieval Period.
The most obvious remains are of a 13th Century castle, now ruined, which crown the summit of the hill. This castle, built around 1260 AD, is amongst the earliest tower houses in Scotland. According to local tradition, a castle is said to have been built at this site around 890 AD by Gregory the Great (Giric, a Pictish nobleman). Others have suggested that a castle was built here in 1178 AD by David, Earl of Huntingdon and Garioch. However, the first written reference to a castle at Dunnideer is in a document dated 1260 AD. In it, Sir Josceline de Baliol, Lord of Dunnideer”, grants access to his land to the Abbey of Lindores with the condition that “the abbot should pay to Sir Josceline and his heirs a pair of white kid gloves every Whitsunday at his Castle of Dunnideer”. (W. D. Simpson Earldom of Mar 1949)
The castle is a simple rectangular tower with two narrow slit-windows in the basement. The west gable is pierced by a lancet window, now damaged, and stands to a height of 9 metres. The castle is built largely from stone removed from the earlier fortifications which enclose the hilltop.
On the summit surrounding the castle, two lines of defence from an earlier hillfort can be seen. The outer line (B on plan) is a low stony bank, best seen on the north and east sides. The inner line (A) encloses and area of around 65 * 27 metres and includes a vitrified stone wall. Vitrified stone has a “glassy” appearance, the result of the stone having been exposed to extremely high temperatures. Here, this was caused by the burning of the timber framework within the wall. The void, where the timber was, is still visible in one area.
Three outer lines of defence survive on the lower slopes in the form of earth ramparts, now visible as low banks. The clearest is the central line (D), while the inner line © and outer (E) lines are less distinct. The remains seem to show at least two main structural phases, but there is no evidence to indicate if the vitrified fort was built before or after these outer defences.
In 2008, as part of the Hillforts of Strathdon Project, a small trench was excavated on the south east corner of the inner summit defence line. This showed that the rampart had been levelled during the medieval period. Two charcoal samples were radiocarbon (C14) dated which indicate a date for the vitrification of between 550 and 250 BC.
# # #